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The Development of the Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale

Maternity at the Medical Center Hospital of Vermont; Burlington, Vermont.

Sandra C. Jefferis, RN, BSN

Medical Center Hospital of Vermont; Burlington, Vermont.

Margaret P. Gagne, RN, MSN

University of Vermont School of Nursing; Burlington, Vermont.

A Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale was developed from categories identified in qualitative research. Content validity was tested according to procedures described by Imle and Atwood' and Lynn.² A sample of 442 women who had breastfed completed an instrument of 56 Likert-scale items. A retest questionnaire was completed by a subsample of 28 women.

Exploratory factor analysis resulted in three factors, accounting for 38.5 percent of the variance: Maternal Enjoyment/Role Attainment (29 percent), Infant Satisfaction/Growth (5 percent), and Lifestyle/Maternal Body Image (4 percent). A revised 30-item MBFES was developed using items loading strongly on these three factors. Cronbach's alphas for the revised scale and subscales were .93, .93, .88, and .80, respectively. Test-retest correlations (n=28) were .93, .93, .94, and .82, respectively (p<.001 for all).

Key Words: maternal breastfeeding evaluation • scale construction

Journal of Human Lactation, Vol. 10, No. 2, 105-111 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/089033449401000217


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