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Journal of Human Lactation
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Effect of Vacuum Profile on Breast Milk Expression Using an Electric Breast Pump

Leon R. Mitoulas, PhD

The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia

Ching Tat Lai, MSc

Lyle C. Gurrin, PhD

Women and Infants Research Foundation and The University of Western Australia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia

Michael Larsson, MBA

Medela AG, Baar, Switzerland

Peter E. Hartmann, PhD

The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia

The authors compared milk expession using 5 experimental vacuum patterns and a commercially available vacuum pattern ranging in cycle times (20 to 78 cycles/min) and vacuum curve dynamics in 30 mothers using an experimental, software-controlled electric breast pump. The volume of milk removed over 5 minutes differed (P= .0072) between patterns (range = 62.8 ± 6.6m Lto 47.2 ± 5.1 mL). However, therewas no difference in the percentage of available milk removed (range = 99.4% ± 15.1% to 70.6% ± 8.6%). The rate of milk removal differed between patterns at both the beginning (1 minute) and end (1.5 minutes) of the expression period (P< .05). Peak vacuum chosen differed between patterns (P= .0085) butwas not related to either the volume or percentage of available milk expressed. Breastfeeding characteristics did not differ between poor and successful expressers. These results showthat breast milk expression by an electric breast pump can be influenced by the vacuum pattern.

Key Words: breast milk • expression • electric breast pump

Journal of Human Lactation, Vol. 18, No. 4, 353-360 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/089033402237908
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This article has been cited by other articles:


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J. C. Kent, D. T. Ramsay, D. Doherty, M. Larsson, and P. E. Hartmann
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