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Human Milk Improves Cognitive and Motor Development of Premature Infants During Infancy

Brown University School of Medicine and a developmental pediatrician at the Child Development Center, APC-6, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA

Tanya Oliver, MSOTR

Bayview Rehabilitation Medical Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland

Anne E. Ferguson, MSOTR

St. Luke's Hospital, New Bedford, Massachusetts

Betty R. Vohr, MD

Brown University School of Medicine and director of the Neonatal Follow-Up Program at Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island

Thirty-nine premature infants, 29 of whom received human milk (HMG) and 10of whom received formula only (FG), were enrolled in a study examining the effect of human milk on cognitive and motor development. Infants were assessed at 3, 7, and 12 months corrected ages; the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test was administered to their mothers. HMG in fants had higher motor scores than FG infants at 3 months (48 ± 20vs 35 ± 12, P= .05) and 12 months (63 ± 20 vs 46 ± 15, P< .05) and higher cognitive scores at 12 months corrected age (101 ± 11 vs 90 ± 9, P< .05). HMGinfants had higher scores (motor R²= 0.2, cognitive R²= 0.3; P< .05) adjusting for oxygen requirement and maternal vocabulary score. Human milk is associated with improved development of premature infants at 3 and 12 months corrected age in this sample.

Key Words: premature infants • human milk • formula • neurodevelopment

Journal of Human Lactation, Vol. 18, No. 4, 361-367 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/089033402237909


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