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Journal of Human Lactation
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Immunologic Factors in Human Milk: The Effects of Gestational Age and Pasteurization

Álvaro Koenig, MMed

Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil

Edna Maria de Albuquerque Diniz, PhD

Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Child’s Institute, Clinic’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil

Sonia França Correia Barbosa, PhD

Immunologic Section of the Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil

Flávio Adolfo Costa Vaz, PhD

Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil

This study compared concentrations of total protein, lysozyme, and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) in samples of colostrum (n = 101) obtained from mothers of infants < 32 weeks, 32 to 366 7 weeks, and ≥ 37 weeks gestational age, both before and after pasteurization. Total protein was measured by refraction index, lysozyme by the lysoplate method, and immunoglobulins through the radial immunodiffusion technique. The total protein concentration was greater in colostrum of the < 32 weeks and 32 to 366 7 weeks categories compared to full-term (P < .001), while concentrations of lysozyme and IgM were similar. IgA concentrations were higher in the < 32 weeks group compared to the full-term and similar to the 32 to 366 7 weeks group (P < .05). The IgG was higher in the < 32 weeks category compared to 32 to 366 7 weeks, and both were similar to the full-term (P < .05). Pasteurization significantly decreased all of the factors analyzed.

Key Words: human milk • colostrum • gestational age • IgA • IgG • IgM • lysozyme • pasteurization

Journal of Human Lactation, Vol. 21, No. 4, 439-443 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0890334405280652
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