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Journal of Human Lactation
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Factors Influencing Full Breastfeeding in a Southwestern Ontario Community: Assessments at 1 Week and at 6 Months Postpartum

Tammy J. Clifford, PhD

Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health; Departments of Paediatrics and Epidemiology and Community Medicine at the University of Ottawa.

M. Karen Campbell, PhD

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at The University of Western Ontario.

Kathy N. Speechley, PhD

Department of Paediatrics at the University of Western Ontario.

Fabian Gorodzinsky, MD, FRCPC

Factors associated with full breastfeeding (FBF) at 1 week and at 6 months postpartum were examined in a cohort of 856 mother-infant dyads. Questionnaires were mailed at 4 time points over the first 6 months postpartum. At 1 week, 68% of infants were FBF; at 6 months, 23% were FBF. Factors significantly associated with FBF at 1 week were hospital of delivery, residing with a smoker, maternal shiftwork during pregnancy, and having no prior breast-feeding experience. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that residing with a smoker, having consumed caffeine during pregnancy, reporting elevated maternal trait anxiety at 1 week postpartum, having been employed full-time outside the home prior to delivery, and having received anesthesia/analgesia during labor/delivery were associated with earlier cessation of FBF, whereas not having previous breastfeeding experience predicted its continuation. Although most mothers are breastfeeding early on, a number of factors adversely affect its successful continuation.

Key Words: breastfeeding • cohort study • employment • shiftwork • pacifier • smoking

Journal of Human Lactation, Vol. 22, No. 3, 292-304 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0890334406290043
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