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Journal of Human Lactation
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Prevalence Ratio of HTLV-1 in Nursing Mothers From the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil

Flávia C. F. Pimenta, MD

Department of Pediatric Medicine, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil

Simone Kashima Haddad, PhD

Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

João G. de Medeiros, Filho, MD, PhD

Pediatric Department, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil

Maria José C. Costa, PhD

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil

Margareth F. M. Diniz, PhD

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil

Melina P. Fernandes, MS

Federal University of Paraíba, Brazil

Lenisio B. de Araújo, MD

Acute leukemia study group in Brazil, Department of Surgery, CCS, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil

Maria S. Pombo-de-Oliveira, MD, PhD

Pediatric Leukemia and Lymphoma Group at the Divisão de Medicina Experimental, CPq, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, mpombo{at}inca.gov.br.mspoliveira@hotmail.com

The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first human retrovirus known as a direct causal agent of a malignant disease. The vertical route of HTLV transmission is the most frequent pathway of the virus contamination. This study was performed to determine the prevalence ratio of HTLV-1 infection among nursing women. From January 2004 to January 2005, blood samples from 1033 nursing mothers from Paraíba, Brazil were evaluated for HTLV antibodies by ELISA and HTLV-1 viral particles confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HTLV antibodies were detected in 7 women. The overall seroprevalence ratio was 0.68% and HTLV-1 viral sequences were confirmed by PCR in 2 women. These preliminary data suggest that HTLV screening should be introduced as a mandatory test before breastfeeding and breast milk donation in Paraíba, Brazil. Additionally, counseling programs would help reduce the prevalence ratio of HTLV-1 infected individuals in this Brazilian region. J Hum Lact. 24(3):289-292.

Key Words: HTLV-1/II infection • breastfeeding infants • nursing mothers

Journal of Human Lactation, Vol. 24, No. 3, 289-292 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0890334408316084
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