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Journal of Human Lactation
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US National Breastfeeding Monitoring and Surveillance: Current Status and Recommendations

Donna J. Chapman, PhD, RD

Connecticut NIH EXPORT Center for Eliminating Health Disparities Among Latinos and Asst. Professor-in-Residence in the Department of Nutritional Sciences at the University of Connecticut

Rafael Pérez-Escamilla, PhD

Connecticut NIH EXPORT Center for Eliminating Health Disparities Among Latinos and Professor of Nutritional Sciences and Public Health at the University of Connecticut

Eleven federally funded datasets assessing breastfeeding behaviors in the United States (Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey, Infant Feeding Practices Survey II, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, National Immunization Survey, National Survey of Children's Health, National Survey of Early Childhood Health, National Survey of Family Growth, Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System, Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring Survey, and WIC Participant and Program Characteristics) were reviewed to evaluate breastfeeding variables (initiation, duration and exclusivity) and determine whether relevant breastfeeding determinants were collected to evaluate breastfeeding practices from a health disparities perspective. The datasets used inconsistent breastfeeding definitions, limited ethnic descriptors, and varied regarding availability of relevant determinants. Multiple datasets collect breastfeeding data, but a coordinated US breastfeeding monitoring and surveillance system does not exist. Suggestions to improve this system include: standardizing breastfeeding definitions, expanding ethnic/racial descriptors, collecting additional relevant variables, and reducing recall periods. J Hum Lact. 25(2):139-150.

Key Words: breastfeeding • lactation • acculturation • surveillance • health disparities

This version was published on May 1, 2009

Journal of Human Lactation, Vol. 25, No. 2, 139-150 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0890334409332437
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